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Gynecomastia

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What is gynecomastia ?

Gynecomastia describes the appearance of female breast growth in men. Although this aesthetically unpleasant situation can occur for many different reasons, in most cases there is no underlying cause (idiopathic gynecomastia). Physiological gynecomastia (i.e., idiopathic gynecomastia) can be seen in three different stages of life, neonatal, adolescent, and senile ages. In pathological gynecomastia, there is a pathological condition that enlarges the breast, and when it is treated, the breast may return to normal. The most common causes of pathological gynecomastia are: cirrhosis, malnutrition (poor and insufficient nutrition), tumors (testicular tumor, lung carcinoma, pituitary adenoma), hyper- and hypothyroidism, kidney disease. In addition, the use of drugs and illegal chemicals can also lead to gynecomastia; Marijuana, cimetidine, diazem, reserpine, estrogen, digoxin, theophylline, etc ... Diseases associated with puberty or the use of drugs can go back by themselves and thus disappear. However, in such long-term states spontaneous regression is not seen by itself.

In the differential diagnosis of disease cases tumors and the status of a pseudojinekomastie should be considered. Pseudo (leukogenic) gynecomastia is a condition in men where fat accumulation in the chest area increases breast volume. As a rule, medical history, physical examinations and ultrasound are sufficient for diagnosis, but if there is a suspicion of a tumor, a biopsy may be needed. Gynecomastia alone is not a cause of breast cancer. In other words, due to mammary gland growth, there is no conversion to cancer later. The only exception is the Kleinfelter syndrome. 

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How does the process go after gynecomastia surgery ?

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Gynecomastia surgery may be performed under local anesthesia or under general anesthesia, depending on the preference of the physician and the condition of the patient. Under general anesthesia, the patient stays in hospital for one night. Subsequently, the breasts are covered with an elastic corset and subsequently the patient is discharged. The patient can go out the next day, wearing the corset, and go for a walk. It is not a very painful operation. Taking simple analgesics for several days is usually sufficient. Those who do light desk work can start working again after 3-4 days. Surgery-related swellings and bruises completely disappear within 7-10 days. However, you should not do any heavy work for the first 7-10 days, avoid excessive movements of your arms and do not do heavy sport. After 3-4 weeks wearing the corset, the patient can continue his normal life again.